Geopolymer
Concrete is the world's most versatile, durable and reliable construction material. Next to water, concrete is the most used material, which required large quantities of Portland Cement. Ordinary Portland Cement production is the second only to the automobile as the major generator of carbon di oxide, which polluted the atmosphere. In addition to that large amount energy was also consumed for the cement production. Hence, it is inevitable to find an alternative material to the existing most expensive, most resource consuming Portland Cement. Geopolymer concrete is an innovative construction material which shall be produced by the chemical action of inorganic molecules. Fly Ash, a by-product of coal obtained from the thermal power plant is plenty available worldwide.Steel slag, a by-product of steel making, is produced during the separation of the molten steel from impurities in steel-making furnaces. Flyash and slag are rich in silica and alumina reacted with alkaline solution produced aluminosilicate gel that acted as the binding material for the concrete. It is an excellent alternative construction material to the existing plain cement concrete. Geopolymer concrete shall be produced without using any amount of ordinary Portland cement. This paper briefly reviews the constituents of geopolymer concrete, its strength and potential applications.
We would first launch our product to local dealers as it would be easier to interact the targeted consumers • Development work done so far, including involvement of agencies, consultation with expert- Till now we dont't have any involvement of agencies. • Patenting of the innovation- Not applied till now will but will soon going to apply • Tie-up for design, fabrication etc with any external agencies- As of now we are not connected with any of agency but will soon planning to involve builders to tie up with us. • Techno-economic/ market feasibility studies /reports- The product is definitely market feasible 1. geopolymer concrete has high compressive strength. 2. It has high tensile strength. 3. Also has low creep. 3. Low drying shrinkage. 4. It has resistant to heat and cold. 5. They are chemically resistant. 6. It is highly durable. 7. Produce light weight structure. • Consumers / users feedback- we are preparing a format for the review as of now we are having verbal review and we were continously trying to improve our product. ‘Geopolymer cement concretes’ (GPCC) are Inorganic polymer composites, which are prospective concretes with the potential to form a substantial element of an environmentally sustainable construction by replacing/supplementing the conventional concretes. GPCC have high strength, with good resistance to chloride penetration, acid attack, etc. These are commonly formed by alkali activation of industrial aluminosilicate waste materials such as Fly Ash and Ground granulated blast furnance slag. Unlike ordinary Portland/pozzolanic cements, geopolymers do not form calcium- silicate-hydrates (CSHs) for matrix formation and strength, but utilise the polycondensation of silica and alumina precursors to attain structural strength. Two main constituents of geopolymers are: source materials and alkaline liquids. The source materials on alumino-silicate should be rich in silicon (Si) and aluminium (Al). They could be by-product materials such as fly ash, silica fume, slag etc. Geopolymers are also unique in comparison to other aluminosilicate materials (e.g. aluminosilicate gels, glasses, and zeolites). The process of geopolymerization is a chemical reaction between an alkali solution and source material containing aluminosilicate (FA) and gives a three-dimensional polymeric chain and ring structure consisting of Si–O–Al–O bonds On activating aluminosilicate present in Fly Ash by alkalies, an inorganic polymer known as geopolymer is formed. The chemical structure is written as: Mn{—(SiO2)q—AlO2—}n where M is an alkali cation, n the degree of polycondensation, and q is the Si/Al ratio. In general, geopolymer is a synthetic inorganic polymer and during the chemical reaction under alkaline conditions, a three-dimensional polymeric chain structure is developed. Composition of raw materials and the nature and concentrations of alkaline solutions control the microstructures and mechanical properties of the geopolymers. Think about building with OPC. You go to local supplier and buy a bag. That's it. Geopolymer requires for the moment higher know-how on site. Geopolymer is a decentralized production with local knowledge, compared to cement production where you have centralized production and embeded knowledge in the bag (you just need to add water afterward). Limitations for large scale application is the organisation of the supply chain. 1- No standard mix design, 2- Their short setting time, especially once slag is used as one of the binders, 3- Requiring the specific curing conditions for fly ash-based geopolymer concrete, 4- Their alkali activator solutions, especially KOH and NaOH, and Ni2SiO2 5- feasibility of using OPC, which means it has lower complexity, for it consists of fewer influential parameters, for construction companies. 6- Make it cost effective by using different alkali activator which make it cheaper than opc geopolymer concrete is a perfect alternative to Portland cement concrete because it has better physical, mechanical, and durable properties. Geopolymer concrete is highly resistant to acid, sul-phate, and salt attack. Geopolymer concrete plays a vital role in the construction industry through its use in bridge construction, high-rise buildings, highways, tunnels, dams, and hydraulic structures , because of its high performance. It can be concluded from the review that sustainable development is achieved by employing geopolymers in Indian construction industries, because it results in lower CO2 emissions, optimum utilization of natural resources, utilization of waste materials, is more cost-effective in long life infrastructure construction, and, socially, in financial benefits and employment generation alkaline activators is desulphurization dust (DeS-dust). DeS-dust is a waste material produced during steel making processes. It is generated in the form of fine powders rich in sodium and calcium. Currently, DeS-dust is considered as waste and mostly disposed in designated landfills, with high economic costs to steel-making producers.
You must be buying for the very first time. Learning the guitar as well as trying to buy a good one, both put the users on this dilemma.Today i will tell you 10 Best acoustic guitar under 8000.
before this lets read some jokse because you are tired in searching lots about guitars but now you will get all the information you need on this website so lets start
Why do guitarists prefer playing guitar to cycling?
Because with a bike you only get two pedals.
How do you know someone’s a really good guitarist?
He’ll tell you!
Two jazz guitarists meet in a ., and one says, “Yeah man, I bought your last album, it was awesome!” to which the other replies, “Oh so that was you!”.
oh thats too funny now lets scrab info about guitars because you might be Beginners.
There are mainly 3 types of guitars –
Steel-string acoustic guitar
Classical guitar with nylon strings
Electric guitars
A Beginner had no idea about guitar so it become very important while choosing guitar so i will recommend you to take Steel-string acoustic guitar because they are very fit for playing classical music with fine soft tones.
With my experience the nylon string & steel string guitars, acoustic guitars with steel strings produce better sounds and priced reasonably low.
The three key things to know when buying an acoustic guitar are
What size are you most comfortable with?
What wood are you looking for?
What design do you want?
Each question has many answers, and those answers will point you straight to the best acoustic guitar for you!
When you first start learning to play the acoustic guitar, try learning chords separate from strumming at the start. Mute the strings by placing your palm flat over them, and just transition from chord to chord with your left hand just to get the hang of it before you try it out with the strumming.
but Classical guitar and electric guitar have its importance of its own
Classical guitar is totally different from the acoustic guitar because The nylon strings of a classical guitar are a lot thicker and mellower or softer sounding than those of steel.Its price may be higher then acoustic guitar and classical guitar have wider neck and larger spacing between strings then acoustic guitar.
An electric guitar is a guitar that requires external amplification so that different sounds can be produced with typical performance.
Electric guitars contain some electrical switches which make it difficult but However its coard is EXACTLY same as acoustic guitar. Electric guitars have more opportunity of for sound expansion and had more tone options than acoustic guitar.
Now you had gets lots of basic information about guitars and you cleared all the doubt in your mind so i will tell you some best acoustic guitar, classical guitar and electric guitar then I will tell you other by product you should buy with guitars and i will give you basic knowledge about these object.
We’ve searched all over the internet to find the best beginner acoustic guitars, and we’ve found some pretty great choices for you! Learning a new hobby is enough of a challenge, so sit back and relax while we weed out the bad choices and show you our favorites. In the end, it’s all about having fun and enjoying your new guitar
There are some best acoustic guitar under 8000Rs which can stand on your need
1. Yamaha F310, 6-Strings Natural Acoustic Guitar
Price: 8990 Rs | Type: Dreadnought | Top: Spruce | Back and sides:Meranti | Neck: Nato | Scale: 25.3" | Fingerboard: Rosewood | Frets: 20 | Tuners: Chrome Die-Cast | Electronics: N/A | Left-handed: Yes | Finish: Gloss
2. Ibanez MD39C-NT Acoustic Guitar
Price: 7599 Rs | Type: Dreadnought | Top: Solid Okoume | Back and sides: Laminated Okoume | Neck: Nato | Scale: 25.3" | Fingerboard: Rosewood | Frets: 20 | Tuners: Mellow | Electronics: yes | Left-handed: Yes | Finish: Gloss
3. Kadence Frontier Series,Black Acoustic Guitar
Price: 7700 Rs | Type: Dreadnought | Top: Spruce | Back and sides: Kendance wood | Neck: Nato | Scale: 39" | Fingerboard: Rosewood | Frets: 20 | Tuners: Digital | Electronics: N/A | Left-handed: Yes | Finish: Gloss
4. Juarez Acoustic Guitar, 38 Inch Cutaway
Price: 7000 Rs | Type: Dreadnought | Top: Spruce | Back and sides: Ebony wood | Neck: Linden wood | Scale: 38" | Fingerboard: Rosewood | Frets: 20 | Tuners: Mellow | Electronics: N/A | Left-handed: Yes | Finish: Black Gloss
5. Fender SA-150 Acoustic Guitar (Multicolor)
Price: 8000 Rs | Type: Dreadnought | Top: Solid Spruce | Back and sides: Laminated Mahogany| Neck: rosewood | Scale: 38" | Fingerboard: Rosewood | Frets: 20 | Tuners: Mellow | Electronics: N/A | Left-handed: Yes | Finish: Blue Gloss
6. Kadence Frontier Series Blue Acoustic Guitar
Price: 8000 Rs | Type: Dreadnought | Top: Spruce | Back and sides: Rosewood | Neck: rosewood | Scale: 38" | Fingerboard: Rosewood | Frets: 20 | Tuners: Mellow | Electronics: N/A | Left-handed: Yes | Finish: Blue Gloss
7. Jixing JXNG 6 Strings Combo Acoustic Guitars
Price: 7400 Rs | Type: Dreadnought | Top: Solid Spruce | Back and side: Lindenwood | Neck: Ebony | Scale: 38" | Fingerboard: Lindenwood | Frets: 18 | Fretboard: Ebony |Tuners: Mellow | Electronics: N/A | Left-handed: Yes | Finish: Hi-Gloss
8. Photron 38 Inch Cutaway Acoustic Guitar
Price: 7500 Rs | Type: Dreadnought | Top: Solid Spruce | Back and side: Linden| Neck: Ebony | Scale: 38" | Fingerboard: Lindenwood | Frets: 18 | Fretboard: Ebony |Tuners: Mellow | Electronics: N/A | Left-handed: Yes | Finish: Hi-Gloss
9. Intern INT-38C Acoustic Guitar with KitBag
Price: 7500 Rs | Type: Dreadnought | Top: Solid Spruce | Back and side: Lindenwood | Neck: Ebony | Scale: 38" | Fingerboard: Lindenwood | Frets: 18 | Fretboard: Ebony |Tuners: Mellow | Electronics: N/A | Left-handed: Yes | Finish: Hi-Gloss
10. Henrix 38” Die-cast Tuners Acoustic Guitar
Price: 7900 Rs | Type: Dreadnought | Top: Rosewood Back and side: Lindenwood | Neck: Ebony | Scale: 38" | Fingerboard: Lindenwood | Frets: 18 | Fretboard: Ebony |Tuners: Mellow | Electronics: N/A | Left-handed: Yes | Finish: Hi-Gloss
Some of Leading Acoustic Guitar Brands in India
- Yamaha
- Fender
- Epiphone
- Kadence
- Juarez
- Gibson
- Henrix
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